Narrative review on learning disabilities: Prevalence, challenges and educational interventions

Abstract

Learning Disabilities (LD) constitute a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that interfere with reading, writing, and mathematical skills. Affecting nearly 5–15% of school age children worldwide, LD has emerged as a major educational challenge. This review synthesizes global and Indian prevalence, risk factors, manifestations, and evidence based educational interventions. Findings indicate that multisensory instruction, individualized education plans, assistive technologies, and teacher training significantly improve academic outcomes. The review highlights the need for early screening, policy level support, and contextually relevant interventions, particularly in low resource settings.