Research article · 2023 · Full text
International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal HusbandryEthnoveterinary study on livestock practices and the use of medicinal plants against gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants in the BWA community in Burkina Faso
Volume 8(4) · Pages 100–107 · DOI: 10.22271/veterinary.2023.v8.i4b.575 ↗
Research areasAgriculture and Rural Development ResearchHelminth infection and control
Abstract
Author-writtenThe rearing of small ruminants is widespread in Burkina Faso and is an important source of income for communities. The present study carried out is a contribution to the knowledge of local knowledge and to the valuation of the recipes of the traditional veterinary pharmacopoeia. The study aimed to identify the farming practices of small ruminants in the Bwa community and to identify the traditional remedies used against gastrointestinal parasites. It took the form of semi-structured interviews with 121 randomly selected breeders from the community. The results obtained showed that breeders have a good perception of animal pathologies, in particular gastrointestinal strongyloses (31.1%) and, faced with these, 26.45% resort to medicinal plants with an anthelmintic effect. A total of 32 recipes formulated from medicinal plants have been identified, the most used plants of which are Combretum micranthum G. Don (12.5%) and Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) Bruce (12.5%). The main reasons given for the adoption of traditional veterinary medicine were the effectiveness of traditional remedies (40.6%), the high cost of modern drugs (28.1%) and the absence of a veterinary agent at the right time. (18.7%). For a development of these means of management of gastrointestinal parasitosis by the Bwa community, studies to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy and toxicity tests are necessary.
Summary
Source-checkedPlain-language reading of the full paper, prepared with AI and checked against the text. Each point links to the authors' own words.
Why it matters
- Livestock farming is a critical economic activity in Burkina Faso, practiced by approximately 85% of households. View evidence ↗
- Gastrointestinal parasitoses are the most common diseases in small ruminants, reducing animal productivity and weight growth. View evidence ↗
- While synthetic anthelmintics are commonly used, they are often expensive and can lead to parasite resistance. View evidence ↗
The question
- The study sought to document the small ruminant farming practices of the Bwa community and identify traditional medicinal remedies used for gastrointestinal parasites. View evidence ↗
What they did
- The research was conducted between October and December 2020 across 32 randomly selected villages in the Boucle du Mouhoun and Hauts Bassins regions. View evidence ↗
- Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 121 randomly selected small ruminant breeders. View evidence ↗
- Medicinal plants mentioned by breeders were collected and taxonomically identified using public water and forest herbariums. View evidence ↗
What they found
- Internal parasitoses were the most frequent disease encountered by the Bwa community (31.1%), followed by trypanosomoses (29%) and pasteurellosis (17.6%). View evidence ↗
- To treat gastrointestinal parasitosis, 73.55% of breeders used modern methods, while 26.45% used traditional medicinal plants. View evidence ↗
- The study identified 32 different traditional herbal remedies used to combat gastrointestinal parasitosis. View evidence ↗
- The most frequently used medicinal plants were Combretum micranthum G. Don (12.5%) and Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) Bruce (12.5%). View evidence ↗
- Leaves were the most common plant part used in remedies (59.38%), followed by fruits (15.63%), bark (12.5%), and roots (12.5%). View evidence ↗
- Decoction was the most common preparation method (53.1%), followed by maceration (21.9%), powder (12.5%), and direct consumption (12.5%). View evidence ↗
What it means
- The authors conclude that traditional plant-based remedies offer significant potential as alternatives to synthetic drugs, which are plagued by resistance and accessibility issues. View evidence ↗
- The authors recommend establishing individual or collective botanical gardens to preserve biological diversity and local knowledge. View evidence ↗
- The authors state that further studies on toxicity and anthelmintic efficacy are necessary to develop these traditional management methods. View evidence ↗
Figures & tables
From the original paper
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Table 3Introduction
In Burkina Faso, the livestock sector ranks second after agriculture and is practiced by nearly 85% of households (MRA, 2015) [20] . Apart from its social and economic role, livestock farming contributes to the fight against food and nutritional insecurity of populations by providing products of high nutritional value (MRA, 2015) [20] . The national herd is important, especially that of small ruminants which is composed of 9,277,746 sheep and 13,891,447 goats. (MRA, 2015) [20] . Despite all this importance, the breeding of these animals faces many difficulties that limit its development. Among these difficulties, pathologies occupy a prominent place. Among these pathologies, gastrointestinal parasitoses are the most widespread and contribute to slowing down the weight growth of animals and making them less productive (Poppi and Sykes, 1990; Kaboré, 2009) [23,[13][14][15] . Various parasites are at the origin of these gastrointestinal pathologies and Haemonchus contortus is among the most dominant in Burkina Faso (Belem et al., 2005a; Belem et al., 2005b) [4,5] . To deal with these diseases, breeders generally use synthetic chemical anthelmintics, the costs of which are often out of reach and the misuse leads to resistance phenomena within the digestive parasites of animals (Hoste et al., 2018) [11] . However, in rural areas there are alternatives through the use of plants with anthelmintic properties (Kaboré et al., 2007) [13] . This endogenous knowledge needs to be valued in order to sustainably boost local development because it is currently being lost in Burkina Faso (CAPES, 2006) [7] . It is in this context that the present study was initiated to understand (i) the breeding practices of small ruminants by the Bwa community in Burkina Faso and (ii) the use of medicinal plants with anthelmintic effect to treat sick animals in order to promote their local animal health knowledge in the country.
Materials and Methods
Materials and Methods
Study environment
The study took place from October to December 2020 in 32 villages of the Bwa community randomly sampled in four provinces (Mouhoun, Kossi, Banwa and the Balés) of the Boucle du Mouhoun region and one province (Tuy) of the Hauts Bassins region (figure 1). This territory of the Bwa community is limited to the North and West by the Republic of Mali, to the South by the South-West region and to the East by the Center-West region. The climate is of the Sudano-Sahelian type with three sectors: the sub-Sahelian sector in the north with an average annual rainfall of 550 to 750 mm, the north-Sudanian sector in the center, with an average annual rainfall of 700 to 900 mm and the South Sudanese sector to the south, with an average annual rainfall of 1000 to 1100 mm. The territory has two seasons, namely a dry season which lasts about 7 to 9 months and a rainy season which lasts 3 to 5 months depending on the climatic sectors described above. The whole of the territory, in particular the region of the Boucle du Mouhoun, is part of the watershed of the Mouhoun with the Mouhoun river which is a permanent watercourse crossing the region for nearly 280 kilometers. The plant formations are made up of shrub-steppe in the north, tree steppe and savannah in the south, shrub-to-tree savannah in the center and tree-to-wooded savannah with gallery forests along the watercourses.
LOCATION OF BWA COMMUNITY VILLAGES FOR STUDY
LOCATION OF BWA COMMUNITY VILLAGES FOR STUDY
Materials
For the survey, the following equipment was used: A survey sheet to collect information from sampled Bwaba producers using closed questionnaires to obtain precise answers; A notepad and a pen for taking notes; A digital camera for taking photos; Plastic bags, a machete and a marker for collecting samples of the medicinal plants cited by some respondents in order to facilitate their identification.
Methods
Veterinary and ethnobotanical surveys have been piped of randomly with 121 small ruminant breeders from the villages of the Bwa community using the technique of semi-structured interviews using a survey sheet. The villages were selected based on (i) accessibility and (ii) the availability of breeders open to innovations in animal production techniques. The information collected focused on the socio-economic characteristics of the breeder, the breeding practices of small ruminants, the production constraints, the care applied to small ruminants, the medicinal plants used in the treatment of diseases of small ruminants in veterinary medicine. Traditional methods of preparation and administration of these treatments. To this end, the approach described by Tamboura (2006) [25] and adapted by Kaboré (2009) [13][14][15] was adopted to conduct the administration of the survey sheets. It consisted of two stages, namely: The preparatory stage, which consisted of confirming/validating the survey form drawn up through a pre-test with a few producers and gathering the material necessary to conduct the various surveys in the targeted villages; The field stage, which consisted of collecting the information sought from the administration of the survey sheets drawn up.
During the field phase, the interviews were preceded by the presentation of the objectives of the study to the chiefs of the various villages in order to have their agreement and also the identity of the breeders of small ruminants in their village. Following the interviews, samples of the medicinal plants mentioned by the producers surveyed were collected. The taxonomic identification was carried out thanks to the herbarium of the public structures in charge of water and forests.
Statistical analyzes
The data collected was analyzed, codified and entered with the statistical utility of Excel 2016 of Windows 10. Then, they allowed the calculations of averages and frequency of the parameters measured with the software Stat View for Windows (version 4.57). The reported frequencies give the number of quotes in relation to all respondents, the same respondent being able to give several answers in the same situation.
Results
Respondents' characteristics and farming practices 121 Bwaba producers composed of 103 men (85.1%) and 18 women (14.9%) were interviewed. They were mainly made up of agropastoralists (95%) and breeders (5%) whose average age was 46 ± 1.2 years, including 45 ± 1.3 years for men and 48 ± 3.6 years for women. Among these producers, 52.9% speak and write French fluently while others are literate in Bwamu (17.4%) and Dioula (4.1%).
The species of small ruminants reared by the respondents are sheep and goats with an average number per breeder of 12.8 1.4 and 9.6 0.7 respectively. The breeds of small ruminants raised by the Bwa community are the local breed (91.41%) and the mixed breed (8.59 %) whose reasons for the choice are presented in Figure 2. The methods of animal management by the breeders surveyed are based on the exploitation of pasture (50.3%), stalling with stakes (43%) and stalling in enclosures (6.7%).
Feeding is based on the use of natural fodder (45.5%) consisting of grass and hay, agricultural by-products (ABS) in particular crop residues (31.1%), by-products agro-industrial products (SPAI) such as cotton cake and dry brewers' spent grain (19.1%) and sometimes cultivated fodder (4.3%) such as fodder sorghum and mucuna.
The rearing of small ruminants by the Bwa community faces major constraints, the most important of which are food (43.7%) and health (39.9%) (Figure 3). Associated with these constraints are the problem of drinking water for animals (4.3%), urbanization (4.3%), theft (3.4%), and the inadequacy of habitat (2.4%), the effects of climate change (1%) and poverty (1%).
Diseases of small ruminants
The producers surveyed have a good perception of small ruminant diseases and are able to identify them in their own way based on the clinical signs presented by the sick animal.
All of these signs are listed in Table 1, which shows that the most cited are anorexia (22.2%), diarrhea (14.2%), pitted hair (12.96 %), weight loss (6.48%) and dull hair (6.17%). Based on the experiences of the producers surveyed and the comparison with the diseases known in modern medicine from the clinical signs listed, Figure 4 presents the diseases encountered by the Bwa community in the breeding of small ruminants. These are, in order of importance, internal parasitoses (31.1%), trypanosomoses (29%), pasteurellosis (17.6%), external parasitoses (7.1%), respiratory infections (3, 7%), sheep pox (3.7%), Peste des Petits Ruminants (3%), foot-and-mouth disease (2%), footrot (1%), anthrax (0.6%), ocular pathologies (0.6%) and bloat (0.3%). These diseases occur most often in the winter period (50% of the producers surveyed) and sometimes in the dry season (18.2%).
For the producers in the study, gastrointestinal strongylosis remains the most widespread internal parasitosis, especially in the winter season (59.57%). Their diagnosis of the pathology is based on the identification of clinical signs, the most dominant of which are diarrhea (25%), the presence of worms in the faeces (21.79%), anorexia (18.21%) and weight loss (18.21%). Within the Bwa community, these gastrointestinal parasitoses have various local names, namely Simbwa (45%), Soumbwa (44.19%), Gninibwa (6.98%) and Miminiba (3.88%).
Methods of treatment of gastrointestinal parasites
For the management of gastrointestinal parasitosis in sick animals, the producers surveyed use modern (73.55%) and traditional (26.45%) treatment methods using medicinal plants with an anthelmintic effect.
Use of conventional anthelmintics
The main conventional anthelmintics used by the breeders surveyed are shown in Figure 5. The most important are Kelaphen (37.11%), Kelanthic (20.13%), ivermectin (16.35%) and Benzal 300 mg (12.58%). These anthelmintics are obtained directly from veterinary agents who are present in certain municipalities in the study regions or indirectly from retailers during market days.
Use of medicinal plants
The use of traditional veterinary medicine to fight against gastrointestinal parasitosis in small ruminants is motivated by several reasons mentioned by the producers surveyed (figure 6). These are, in order of importance, the effectiveness of traditional remedies (40.6%), the high cost of modern drugs (28.1%), the absence of a veterinary agent at the right time (18.7%), animal mortalities following the use of certain modern products (6.2%), the absence of a veterinary service (3.1%) and the sometimes non-mastery of the use of modern drugs (3, 1%). A total of thirty-two (32) traditional herbal remedies were stated by the producers of the study to combat gastrointestinal parasitosis (Table 2). These medicinal plants with an anthelmintic effect consist essentially of plants belonging to fourteen ( 14) botanical families, the most important of which are the Combretaceae (21.88%), the Caesalpiniaceae (15.63%) and the Rubiaceae (12.5%) (figure 7). The species of medicinal plants with an anthelmintic effect most used by the producers in the study are Combretum micranthum G. Don (12.5%) and Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) Bruce (12.5%). The main organs of medicinal plants used to prepare traditional remedies are the leaves (59.38%), the fruits (15.63%), the bark (12.5%) and the root (12.5%). These parts are prepared alone (75%) or in association with other organs (25%). The methods of preparation of the inventoried remedies are decoction (53.1%), maceration (21.9%), powder (12.5%) and direct consumption of fruits or leaves (12.5%). The remedies are prepared following a certain hygiene to avoid contamination. When it is a solution, the liquid obtained is filtered using a piece of clean cloth before being administered to the animal. The administration of the preparations to sick animals is essentially done orally (100%) for a period of at least three (03) days to one (01) week. The quantities to be administered are variable and depend on the forms of the preparations.
Discussion
The inadequate use of conventional anthelmintics has led to resistance phenomena within nematode populations and the ineffectiveness of certain synthetic molecules in small ruminant farms. To overcome this problem and contribute to the improvement of ruminant production by promoting endogenous veterinary medicine practices, this study was undertaken. The aim was to understand (i) the breeding practices of small ruminants by the Bwa community in Burkina Faso and (ii) list the recipes based on medicinal plants with an anthelmintic effect used to treat sick animals.
The study took place in certain localities in the Boucle du Mouhoun and Hauts-Bassins regions. These localities are where the Bwaba communities reside. A total of 121 Bwaba herders were interviewed, including 103 men (85.12%) and 18 women (14.88%). The presence of women among the respondents shows that the breeding of small ruminants is practiced by the entire population without distinction of sex. The predominance of the male sex (85.12%) observed in the population surveyed testifies to the first place that belongs to them in the exercise of professions within our societies, women being rather occupied with household chores. The producers interviewed were mainly agro-pastoralists (95.04%) and breeders (4.96%). The dominance of the combination of agricultural and livestock activities is due to the fact that the Bwaba by nature have agriculture as their main activity. With the integration of societies, they gradually associated livestock farming with their source of income. The results obtained indicated that the average age of respondents is 46 1.2 years. One could then think that the practice of breeding and the use of veterinary herbal medicine are linked to a certain maturity and experience in the field. These results are close to the age structures (47 11 years) presented by Kumwimba et al. (2017) [18] . Among the breeders surveyed, 52.89% speak and write French fluently while others are literate in Bwamu (17.36%) and Dioula (4.13%). The average level of education of the Bwa community (52.89%) would be due to the place that the colonizer had in the Bwa country with the creation of schools and to the strength of the Catholic mission of the "White Fathers". These results are similar to those of Kumwimba et al. (2017) [18] for whom the level of literacy of these Africans surveyed in Congo was higher than 50%. On the other hand, in Burkina Faso Tamboura et al. (1998) [26] stated during their study that only 5% of their respondents knew how to read and write French and for Kaboré et al. (2007) [14] during surveys in the Mossi plateau, no producer was literate. This difference could be explained by the diversity of educational needs from one population to another. The ethnobotanical interviews carried out made it possible to identify 32 medicinal recipes used by breeders in the management of gastrointestinal Parasitosis in the breeding of small ruminants within the Bwa community surveyed. The listed plant species are divided into 14 botanical families, the most important of which are the Combretaceae (21.88%), the Caesalpiniaceae (15.63%) and the Rubiaceae (12.5%). This importance of use could be explained by the characteristics of the species of these families. Among these families, the species Combretum micranthum G. Don (12.5% [27] on Caesalpiniaceae such as Cassia alata (L) Roxb. support this hypothesis. Moreover, in the West African sub-region, some of the plants cited by Bwaba herders have already been the subject of anthelmintic studies or recognized as having anthelmintic properties by other communities during ethnobotanical surveys (Table 3). This could mean that the breeders of the Bwa community have a perfect knowledge of veterinary herbal medicine. The leaves (59.38%), fruits (15.63%), bark (12.5%) and root (12.5%) are the main organs of medicinal plants used to prepare traditional remedies. These parts are most of the time prepared alone (75%) or associated with other organs (25%). The use of these parts is certainly linked to the fact that they contain bioactive molecules of anthelmintic interest. Similar results reported the predominance's of using leaves (Belayneh et al., 2012; Giday and Teklehaymanot, 2013; Kumwimba et al. ., 2017) [3,10,18] , barks and roots (Atakpama et al., 2015; Kumwimba et al., 2017; Zabouh et al., 2018) [1,18,29] in traditional African veterinary medicine. Also, Robes (2007) [24] in his study on tropical veterinary medicinal plants found that a diversity of plant organs are used with a dominance of leaves, roots and barks in the preparation of medicinal recipes. However, for Atakpama et al. (2015) [1] the misuse of the bark and root of plants poses a threat to the survival and sustainability of medicinal plants.
| Medicinal plants | Parts used | Animal species | Tests carried out | Parasites tested | Tested/ quoted | References | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cassia sieberina DC. | Leaves | small ruminants | In vitro | Haemonchus | Tested | Traoré et al., 2017 [28] | Burkina Faso |
| Khaya senegalensis (Desv.) A. Juss. | Leaves | Sheep | In-vitro + in-vivo | Haemonchus | Tested | Awohouedji et al., 2013 [2] | Benin |
| Combretum micranthum G. Don | Barks | Sheep | Investigations | Helminths | quoted | Garba et al., 2019 [31] | Niger |
| Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) Bruce | Leaves | Ruminants | Investigations | Helminths | quoted | Ogni et al., 2014 [21] | Benin |
| Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. & Perr. | Leaves | Sheep | In vitro | Haemonchus | Tested | Kaboré et al., 2009 [13-15] | Burkina Faso |
| Ptelopsis suberosa Engl. & Diels | Leaves | Ruminants | Investigations | Helminths | quoted | Ogni et al., 2014 [21] | Benin |
| Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. | Leaves | Sheep | In vitro | Haemonchus | Tested | Hounzangbe-Adote et al., 2012 [12] | Benin |
| Afzelia africana Sm. | Leaves | small ruminants | In vitro | Haemonchus | Tested | Koffi Yao et al., 2018 [16] | Côte d'Ivoire |
| Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel. | Leaves | small ruminants | In vitro | Haemonchus | Tested | Traoré et al., 2017 [28] | Burkina Faso |
| Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. ex Poir. | Leaves | Sheep | Investigations | Helminths | quoted | Garba et al., 2019 [31] | Niger |
| Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del. | Leaves | Sheep | In vitro | Helminths | Tested | Zabré et al., 2017 [30] | Burkina Faso |
| Securidaca longipedunculata Fres. | Roots and bark | Ruminants | In vitro | Haemonchus | Tested | Koné et al., 2005 [17] | Côte d'Ivoire |
| Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. | Leaves | small ruminants | In vitro | Haemonchus | Tested | Koffi Yao et al., 2018 [16] | Côte d'Ivoire |
Table text extracted from the original PDF; superscript letters are shown inline. The original table image is below.
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The methods of preparation of the remedies identified in our study are decoction (53.1%), maceration (21.9%), powder (12.5%) and direct consumption of fruits or leaves (12.5 %) with oral administration (100%). These observations corroborate those of Kaboré et al. (2007) [14] who, following an ethnobotanical survey in the central plateau, found that the preparation of decoction and oral administration constitute one of the methods most used by rural traditional healers in Burkina Faso. Also, Kumwimba et al. (2017) [18] found that the most used methods of preparing traditional dewormers are maceration (52.1%), decoction (25.7%) or grinding (22.7%) with essentially oral administration (96.7%) in their study on plants used against goat diseases in the territory of Kalemie and Moba (DRC). On the other hand, for Garba et al. (2019) [31] , maceration (85%) is the most dominant method of preparation in the study of medicinal plants used in the treatment of digestive parasitosis in small ruminants (ovines) in southwestern Niger.
The main reasons mentioned by the breeders surveyed in the study for using traditional veterinary medicine in the fight against gastrointestinal parasitosis in small ruminants are the effectiveness of traditional remedies (40.6%), the high cost of drugs modern (28.1%) and the absence of a veterinary agent at the right time (18.7%). These reasons are probably linked to the situation faced by the farmer, but also to his personal experience (Kaboré et al., 2007) [14] . Also, some producers surveyed found that conventional anthelmintics such as those mentioned in the study (Kelaphen, Kelanthic, Ivermectin and Benzal) lead to more and more resistance in the population of gastrointestinal parasites and therefore their inefficiencies. For Fajimi and Taiwo (2005) [8] and Kaboré et al. (2007) [14] , the increase in the prices of synthetic molecules by clinics and veterinary pharmacies could be an additional reason for the use of veterinary phytotherapy. The symptoms described by the producers surveyed during the interviews carried out reveal that they have a good perception of animal pathologies and also of their period of appearance. Among the pathologies encountered by producers, gastrointestinal parasites remain a major concern. Their diagnosis is based on the identification of clinical signs such as diarrhea (25%), the presence of worms in the faeces (21.79%), anorexia (18.21%) and weight loss (18.21 %). These observations collected in the study agree well with the scientific conclusions of Oussou et al. (2019) [22] who noted that diarrhea and weight loss were the major clinical symptoms of small ruminant diseases in Côte d'Ivoire. [21] Benin Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst.
Leaves Sheep
In vitro Haemonchus Tested Hounzangbe-Adote et al., 2012 [12] Benin Afzelia africana Sm.
Leaves small ruminants
In vitro Haemonchus Tested Koffi Yao et al., 2018 [16] Côte d'Ivoire Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel.
Leaves small ruminants
In vitro Haemonchus Tested Traoré et al., 2017 [28] Burkina Faso Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. ex Poir.
Leaves Sheep Investigations Helminths quoted Garba et al., 2019 [31] Niger Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del.
Leaves Sheep
In vitro Helminths Tested Zabré et al., 2017 [30] Burkina Faso Securidaca longipedunculata Fres.
Roots and bark Ruminants
In vitro Haemonchus Tested Koné et al., 2005 [17] Côte d'Ivoire Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir.
Leaves small ruminants
In vitro Haemonchus Tested Koffi Yao et al., 2018 [16] Côte d'Ivoire
Conclusion
This ethnobotanical and veterinary study conducted in the Bwa country of Burkina Faso is a first. It made it possible to understand the breeding practices of small ruminants in this community and their perceptions of animal pathologies in general and gastrointestinal strongyloses of small ruminants in particular. The results obtained confirm that the Bwaba herders have a mastery of animal diseases and have recipes based on plant parts for the management of gastrointestinal parasites. This constitutes an enormous potential to be exploited as an alternative to modern veterinary medicine, which shows its weaknesses through the inefficiency or poor use of synthetic molecules (which causes more and more resistance phenomena within parasite populations) and through the unavailability of veterinarians at the appropriate time or the inaccessibility to synthetic veterinary drugs. In addition, for the preservation of biological diversity and the endogenous know-how of the community, individual or collective botanical gardens could be set up. A proposal for an improved traditional herbal medicine based on traditional recipes could be considered to relieve farmers.
Acknowledgement
AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the Laboratory of Biology and Animal Health (LaBioSa) of INERA Saria station for accepting to carry out the activities presented in this manuscript as well as the Projet d'Appui à l'Enseignement Supérieur (PAES) with which we have benefit from funding for the conduct of all research work.
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This study delves into the ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM) practiced by pastoralists along the transhumance routes in southwestern Angola. Within the framework of three cooperation projects, we conducted 434 interviews, collecting information on 89 taxa used for treating 16 livestock diseases. The most cited species was Ptaeroxylon obliquum (132 citations), followed by Salvadora persica (59) and Elaeodendron transvaalense (49). Contagious bovine…
❝ 11PDF - Beneficial activities of ethnobotanical plants on selected systems and agriculture ↗
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Recent scientific studies have focused heavily on the use of medicinal plants in agriculture and folkloric medicine as a complementary therapy, preventive strategy, or full therapy. Phytotherapy is being used more and more frequently for preventive purposes, the treatment of minor or chronic diseases, and recurrent infections, and for the advancement of organic livestock. In order to increase the activity
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Fasciolosis is considered a rising zoonotic infection and remains one of the main neglected tropical diseases. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in the Comoé province of southwest Burkina Faso. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three villages of the Comoé River in the Cascades region of Burkina Faso. A total of 100 zebu cattle…
❝ 0PDF - Indigenous plant-based deworming practices for goats and sheep among pastoral communities in east african drylands: An ethnobotanical documentation ↗
Dawit K Tessema · International Journal of Herbal Medicine · 2026
Ethnoveterinary medicine refers to the body of traditional animal healthcare knowledge maintained by livestock-keeping communities through oral transmission across generations. This research documented indigenous plant-based deworming practices used by pastoral communities in the Borana and South Omo zones of southern Ethiopia for treating gastrointestinal parasitism in goats and sheep. Between March and November 2024, 130 herders were interviewed using semi-structured
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Medicinal plants are recognized for their potent pharmacological activities, particularly in relation to their ability to act as anthelmintics. Anthelmintics are essential in combating helminthic infections, prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions and affecting both humans and livestock. This comprehensive review aims to delve into the anthelmintic properties of various traditional medicinal plants. By highlighting their efficacy, the review underscores
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The purpose of this study was to investigate “Challenges to Small Ruminant Production” Bagbwe Chiefdom, Bo District, in Southern Sierra Leone. Descriptive quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed for this study. Ten (10) communities were purposively selected and a sample size of 80 farmers was selected using stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaires were used to collect data from the respondents and descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages was used to analyze the data. Findings of the socioeconomic characteristics of respondents revealed that, majority
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Gastrointestinal disorders are one of the most important factors that affect the productive and reproductive performance of the animals. Comprehensive studies on such disorders is lacking therefore the present work was planned to aim at patho-biological investigation of gastrointestinal tract disorders affecting large and small ruminants. The current investigation was conducted on 65 cases (bovine, ovine and caprine) brought to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, LUVAS, Hisar from August, 2019 to January, 2020. The investigation included the detailed post-mortem examination of gastrointest
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Gastrointestinal parasitism remains a persistent challenge for smallholder farmers who keep sheep and goats across sub-Saharan Africa. In rural areas of Burkina Faso, where modern veterinary services are scarce or financially inaccessible, many livestock keepers depend on plant-based treatments passed down through generations. This research examined the ethnoveterinary knowledge held by the BWA community in the Boucle du Mouhoun region,
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Present study deals with commonly observed ailments and diseases of live stock of Annamayya District. An extensive survey was conducted during 2019-2020, about the usage of various plants as medicine for the treatment of various common diseases and disorders by different tribal communities. During the survey a total 27 species of Ethno-veterinary plants belongs to 26 genera and 22 families
- Use practices and vulnerability of Combretum micranthum G. Don and Sarcocephalus latifolius (SM.) Bruce exploited by the bwa community in the livestock of small ruminants in Burkina Faso ↗
Tianhoun Denté Fidèle, Roland Nâg-Tiéro Meda, Laboratoire de Recherches et d’Enseignements en Santé et Biotechnologies Animales / Ecole Doctorale Sciences Naturelles et Agronomie / Université Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso, Geneviève Zabré, Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale / UFR-SVT / Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo,Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso, Adama Kaboré et al. · International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences · 2023
Populations in rural areas of Burkina Faso depend on woody plant resources to meet their daily needs. With regular anthropogenic pressure on these resources, it is necessary to assess the uses and vulnerability of the species C. micranthum and S. latifolius commonly exploited by the Bwaba populations in order to propose sustainable management solutions. To do this, semi-structured surveys were…
❝ 0PDF - Phytochemical Composition and In vitro Anthelmintic activity of Combretum micranthum G. Don Leaf Extracts on Haemonchus contortus of Small Ruminants ↗
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The incidence of gastrointestinal parasitosis associated with resistance to conventional anthelmintics observed in small ruminants has led to the development of alternative strategies focusing on the use of medicinal plants.Thus, the present study was carried out to assay total phenolics and evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of aqueous and hydroacetone extracts of Combretum micranthum leaves on the parasite Haemonchus…
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