Clinical management of severe leukopenia in canine parvoviral enteritis using Filgrastim in five dogs: A case series

Abstract

Canine parvoviral enteritis is an acute and highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects young dogs and is characterized by severe gastrointestinal disturbances and immunosuppression. Leukopenia is one of the most important haematological abnormalities observed in infected animals and significantly increases the risk of secondary bacterial infections. The present case series describes the clinical management of five dogs diagnosed with canine parvoviral enteritis accompanied by severe leukopenia. All animals presented with vomiting, haemorrhagic diarrhea, anorexia, dehydration, and depression. Haematological examination revealed markedly reduced leukocyte counts ranging from 900 to 1500 cells/µL. Molecular confirmation of infection was achieved using PCR targeting the VP2 gene of canine parvovirus. The dogs were treated with Filgrastim at a dose rate of 10 µg/kg body weight along with intensive supportive therapy including intravenous fluids, antimicrobial agents, antiemetics, and gastric protectants. Leukocyte counts increased significantly within 24-48 hours following Filgrastim administration and all dogs recovered completely within five days of treatment. These findings indicate that Filgrastim may serve as an effective adjunct therapy for the management of severe leukopenia associated with canine parvoviral enteritis.