Efficacy of novel insecticides against thrips infesting chilli

Introduction

Among the stresses responsible for the lower yield, damage done by biotic stress by insect pests holds a major share.Tthe yield losses caused by chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis (Hood) and chilli aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) are ranges from 50-90 percent and 40-70 percent in chilli crop, respectively (Venkateshalu et al., 2009) [18] . Also, Ahmed et al. in 1987 [1] reported that the yield losses due to thrips and mites are estimated to the tune of 50 percent. Sucking pest complex attack on different crop stages and causes "Churda murda or leaf curl". In sucking pest complex, chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, is a serious pest on chilli in India was documented by Ananthakrishnan (1971) and Krishna et al. (1996) [2,12] . Chemical pest control is the use of pesticides to eliminate pests. These pesticidal solutions are easily available, easy to use and very effective than any other methods. Efficacy testing of novel insecticides against chilli pests is useful for determining which new insecticides are most effective in controlling pests, allowing for the development of more targeted and sustainable pest management strategies. Hence, an attempt is made to study the efficacy of the important novel insecticides against thrips infesting chilli. to 8.43 (8.36, 8.26, 8.34, 8.43, 7.99 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively).

Overall mean

The overall mean of thrips during fortnight interval showed that isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) was found most effective to supress thrips and also found on par with broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) over untreated control and this treatments noted 2.26, 2.38, 2.72 and 8.28 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively.

Percent reduction

Thrips population on chilli was found to be greatly reduced by treatment isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) which found most effective followed by broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) which found at par isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) over the untreated control and the reduction of thrips was noted 72.71, 71.12, 66.96 and 0.00 percent, respectively.

Efficacy of novel insecticides against thrips infesting chilli (2024-25) First spray

Data obtained during 2024-25 (Table 3) revealed that the pre-count thrip population was non-significant ranging 7.77 to 10.47 per three leaves per plant. The treatment isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) was found most effective in respect of thrips control which recorded in range of 1.40 to 4.97 per three leaves per plant during fortnight interval after first spray (4.10, 2.90, 1.40, 4.07, 4.97 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively). In the same spray interval, the treatments broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) (4.23, 3.23, 1.47, 4.10, 5.13 per three leaves per plant, respectively), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) (4.47, 3.07, 1.73, 4.30, 5.20 per three leaves per plant, respectively) and fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) (4.47, 3.07, 1.73, 4.30, 5.20 per three leaves per plant, respectively) were found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%). However, at 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%) (4.13, 2.37, 4.47, 5.43 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively), at 10 th , 14 th DAS, treatment emamectin benzoate 5% w/w + lufenuron 40% w/w WG (@ 0.0054%) (5.20, 6.23 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively) as well as emamectin benzoate 05% SG (@ 0.0020%) (4.93, 6.27 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively) were found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%). In untreated control thrip population was in range of 8.10 to 8.83 per three leaves per plant (8.40, 8.70, 8.83, 8.60, 8.10 thrips per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively).

Second spray

Thrips at 14 days after the first spray varied from 4.97 to 8.10 per three leaves per plant in different treatments and served as a pre-count for the second spray (Table 3). In respect of thrips suppression at 1 st and 3 rd DAS, the treatment isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) noted thrips 4.33, 2.13 per three leaves per plant, respectively, however, at 7 th , 10 th DAS, isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) as well as broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) noted similar thrips 1.20 per three leaves per plant at both the days, while at 14 th DAS, broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) noted 2.33 thrips per three leaves per plant and found most effictive. Moreover, at 1 st DAS, broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%), fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%), cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%), emamectin benzoate 5% w/w + lufenuron 40% w/w WG (@ 0.0054%), emamectin benzoate 05% SG (@ 0.0020%) and profenofos 40% + fenpyroximate 02.50% w/w EC (@ 0.0850%) were found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) and recorded thrips 4.50, 4.67, 4.77, 5.37, 5.47, 5.50, 5.73 per three leaves per plant, respectively. At 3 rd DAS, broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%), fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%), cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%), emamectin benzoate 5% w/w + lufenuron 40% w/w WG (@ 0.0054%), emamectin benzoate 05% SG (@ 0.0020%) and profenofos 40% + fenpyroximate 02.50% w/w EC (@ 0.0850%) were found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) and noted thrips 2.33, 2.37, 2.43, 2.50, 2.70, 2.80, 3.30 per three leaves per plant, respectively. At 7 th and 10 th DAS, flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%), fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%), cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%) were found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) and recorded thrips 1.63, 1.67, 1.67 per three leaves per plant, respectively. At 14 th DAS, flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%), fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%), cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%), emamectin benzoate 5% w/w + lufenuron 40% w/w WG (@ 0.0054%) were found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) and noted thrips 2.47, 2.50, 2.57, 3.40, 4.13 per three leaves per plant, respectively. Thrips per three leaves per plant in the untreated control varied from 2.83 to 3.33 during 1 st to 14 th DAS (8.10, 8.17, 8.13, 8.13, 7.97 per three leaves per plant, respectively).

Third spray

As a pre-count for the third spray, the number of thrips at 14 days after the second spray ranged from 2.33 to 7.97 per three leaves per plant across various treatments were taken (Table 4). During 1 st to 14 th DAS, the treatment with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) was found most superior recording thrips in range of 0.33 to 2.27 (2.27, 1.80, 0.33, 0.43, 0.57 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th , respectively) and also found on par to broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) which recorded thrips in range of 0.57 to 2.37 (2.37, 1.90, 0.57, 0.70, 0.77 per three leaves per plant, respectively), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) which noted thrips in range of 0.73 to 2.53 (2.53, 2.07, 0.73, 0.80, 0.93 per three leaves per plant, respectively). However, at 1 st , 3 rd , 10 th , 14 th DAS treatment fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) recorded 2.63, 2.33, 0.93, 1.07 per three leaves per plant, respectively whereas, at 1 st , 3 rd DAS treatment cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%) recoded 3.30, 2.50 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively and also found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%). In untreated control, thrip population recorded in range of 7.70 to 7.90 per three leaves per plant in the fortnight interval after third spray (7.90, 7.87, 7.80, 7.77, 7.70 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively).

Average of three spray

Average data of three spray of 2024-25 (Table 4) revealed that thrip population in pre count was non-significant found in range of 5.54 to 8.10 per three leaves per plant across different treatments. The treatment with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) was found most effective to supress thrips on chilli to minimum range of 0.98 to 3.57 per three leaves per plant during fortnight interval (3.57, 2.28, 0.98, 1.90, 2.67 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively). The treatment with broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) was found at pat recording thrips in range of 1.08 to 3.70 (3.70, 2.49, 1.08, 2.00, 2.74 per three leaves per plant, respectively). At 1 st , 3 rd , 10 th , 14 th DAS, treatment flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) recorded 3.89, 2.50, 2.24, 2.88 and fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) recorded 3.96, 2.70, 2.33, 2.98 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively. At 14 th DAS, cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%) recoded 3.56 thrips per three leaves per plant. These treatments were found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%). Thrip population in untreated control was recorded in the range of 7.92 to 2.26 per three leaves per plant during fortnight interval (8.13, 8.24, 8.26, 8.17, 7.92 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively).

Overall mean

The overall mean thrip population revealed that isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) was found most effective for thrips control, while broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC, fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) were found at par with it over an untreated control and the thrips noted 2.28, 2.40, 2.58, 2.69 and 8.14 per three leaves per plant, respectively.

Percent reduction

Percent reduction in thrips infesting chilli was noted maximum in treatment isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) which found most effective and on par with broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%), fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) over untreated control and recorded 72.03, 70.26, 68.32, 66.97 and 0.00 percent reduction in thrips, respectively.

Efficacy of novel insecticides against thrips infesting chilli (Pooled) First spray

The pooled data (Table 5) revealed that pre count thrip population was found non-significant ranging 7.95 to 10.23 per three leaves per plant. The post count data exhibits that the treatment isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) was most effective to supress thrips which noted in ranges of 1.25 to 4.92 per three leaves per plant during fortnight interval (4.00, 2.87, 1.25, 4.02, 4.92 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively). It was found on par to broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) recording thrips in range of 1.35 to 5.03 (4.12, 3.08, 1.35, 4.05, 5.03 per three leaves per plant, respectively), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) recording thrips in range of 1.80 to 3.15 (4.85, 3.53, 1.80, 4.17, 5.13 per three leaves per plant, respectively). At 3 rd to 14 th DAS, fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) recorded thrips in range of 2.00 to 5.27 (3.88, 2.00, 4.45, 5.27 per three leaves per plant, respectively). However, at 14 th DAS, cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%), emamectin benzoate 5% w/w + lufenuron 40% w/w WG (@ 0.0054%), emamectin benzoate 05% SG (@ 0.0020%) and profenofos 40% + fenpyroximate 02.50% w/w EC (@ 0.0850%) recorded 5.37, 5.90, 6.05, 6.13 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively and found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%). The untreated control recorded thrips in range of 8.07 to 8.93 per three leaves per plant (8.70, 8.75, 8.93, 8.82, 8.07 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively).

Second spray

As a pre-count for the second spray, the number of thrips at 14 days following the first spray ranged from 4.92 to 8.07 per three leaves per plant were taken across various treatments (Table 5). During the fortnight interval, the treatment with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) found most superior in suppressing thrips which varies from 1.18 to 4.23 (4.23, 2.18, 1.18, 1.47, 2.28 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively). This treatment was found on par to broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) which noted 1.32 to 4.40 (4.40, 2.35, 1.32, 1.52, 2.32 thrips per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) which recorded 1.60 to 4.57 (4.57, 2.42, 1.60, 2.02, 2.52 thrips per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively). However, at 1 st , 3 rd , 10 th , 14 th DAS, fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) (4.78, 2.48, 2.07, 2.58 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively), cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%) (5.22, 2.57, 2.12, 3.20 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively), at 1 st , 3 rd DAS, emamectin benzoate 5% w/w + lufenuron 40% w/w WG (@ 0.0054%) (5.35, 2.77 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively), emamectin benzoate 05% SG (@ 0.0020%) (5.22, 2.57 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively) were also found at par with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%). In untreated control the thrips recorded in range of 8.02 to 8.25 (8.08, 8.10, 8.15, 8.25, 8.02 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively).

Third spray

Thrip population at 14 days following the second spray ranging between 2.28 to 8.02 per three leaves per plant among different treatments was treated as a pre-count for the third spray (Table 6). The treatment isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) found most effective to minimize thrips which observed in range of 0.45 to 2.27 during fortnight spray interval (2.27, 1.77, 0.45, 0.52, 0.63 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively) and also found on par to broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) which recorded thrips in range of 0.63 to 2.30 (2.30, 1.83, 0.63, 0.75, 0.82 per three leaves per plant, respectively), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) recorded thrips in range of 0.78 to 2.52 (2.52, 1.97, 0.78, 0.88, 0.98 per three leaves per plant, respectively), fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) recorded thrips in range of 0.93 to 2.62 (2.62, 2.12, 0.93, 0.98, 1.12 per three leaves per plant, respectively). However, at 1 st , 3 rd DAS, cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%) recorded 2.98, 2.28 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively. In untreated control, thrip population recorded in range of 7.78 to 7.95 per three leaves per plant in the fortnight interval after third spray (7.95, 7.90, 7.82, 7.83, 7.78 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively).

Average of three spray

Pooled data (Table 6) revealed that the pre count thrip population found non-significant ranged between 5.48 to 8.09 per three leaves per plant. The treatment with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) found most effective recording least thrips in range of 0.96 to 3.50 per three leaves per plant during fortnight interval (3.50, 2.27, 0.96, 2.00, 2.61 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively) and also found on par with broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) in which thrips ranges from 1.10 to 3.61 (3.61, 2.42, 1.10, 2.11, 2.72 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively). However, flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) at 1 st , 3 rd , 10 th , 14 th DAS recorded 3.98, 2.64, 2.36, 2.88 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively, fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) at 1 st , 14 th DAS recorded 4.18, 2.99 thrips per three leaves per plant, respectively and cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%) at 14 th DAS recorded 3.44 thrips per three leaves per plant which found at par to isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%). Thrip population in untreated control varied in the range of 7.96 to 8.30 per three leaves per plant during fortnight interval (8.24, 8.25, 8.30, 8.30, 7.96 per three leaves per plant at 1 st , 3 rd , 7 th , 10 th , 14 th DAS, respectively).

Overall mean

The overall mean of pooled thrip population during fortnight interval revealed that isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) was most superior for thrips control and found on par to broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) over untreated control in which thrips noted 2.27, 2.39, 2.65 and 8.21 per three leaves per plant, respectively.

Percent reduction

Percent reduction in thrips infesting chilli was recorded maximum in treatment isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) which found most promissing for thrips control and also found on par to broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) as well as flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC over untreated control and the reduction of thrips was noted 72.37, 70.69, 67.64 and 0.00 percent, respectively. The current study assessed three sprays of nine treatments against thrips that infested chilli under a field condition. All of the treatments were shown to be statistically effective in lowering the number of thrips on chilli when compared to an untreated control. The foliar spraying with isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%), broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%), flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) exhibited statistically similar results over an untreated control for lowering thrips on chilli. Similar results were documented by Hemalatha et al. (2025) [10] who observed isocycloseram 9.2% DC was most effective for cotton thrips. Blythe et al. (2022) [7] reported that isocycloseram was a novel isoxazoline insecticide very active against thysanopterans. Bekelja et al., in 2024 [5] reported that isocycloseram shows promising results against southern corn rootworm, Diabrotica undecimpunctata Howardi a peanut pest. Isocycloseram decreased thrips populations in blueberry plants in a greenhouse was documented by Shimat in 2024 [17] . These studies support our findings that isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC is effective for thrips control on chilli. Chen et al. in 2022 [9] confirms that broflanilide was highly effective against various thrips species. Murali et al. in 2023 [13] , Prajapati and Patel (2025) [15] reported that thrips on chilli, gram pod borer on pigeonpea were effectively controlled by broflanilide. Bhede et al. (2008) [6] documented that newer insecticides cyantraniliprole and broflanilid effectively control thrips on chilli. Exciting results of broflanilide under laboratory condition against Thrips parvispinus were reported by Anu et al. (2024) [3] which are in support of our findings. Bojan et al. (2010) [8] reported that flubendiamide + thiacloprid 480 SC (ready mix) significantly lowered the whitefly population in okra. Cyantraniliprole displayed moderate toxicity against Thrips parvispinus (Karny) affecting at least two stages in either exposure route. (Ataide et al., 2024) [4] . Kaur et al. (2021) [11] demonstrated that thrips on cucumber was effectively controlled by flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC which are in evidence to support our findings.

Effect of novel insecticides on yield of chilli 5. Effect of novel insecticides on yield of chilli (2023-24)

The treatment with flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) found most effective in obtaining maximum yield of green chillies which noted 132.02 q ha -1 and it found on par to isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) (125.34 q ha -1 ), broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) (121.63 q ha -1 ), fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) (117.85 q ha -1 ) and cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (@ 0.0123%) (115.18 q ha -1 ). An untreated control recorded minimum yield of 88.39 q ha -1 green chillies.

Effect of novel insecticides on yield of chilli (2024-25)

The treatment with flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) found statistically most superior in obtaining maximum yield of green chillies which recorded 134.71 q ha -1 . Whereas, isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) (130.08 q ha -1 ), broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) (124.66 q ha -1 ) and fluxametamide 10% w/w EC (@ 0.0080%) (124.23 q ha -1 ) were found statistically at par to flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) over an untreated control (84.97 q ha -1 ).

Effect of novel insecticides on yield of chilli (Pooled)

It is revealed from pooled data that treatment flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) was found most effective in obtaining maximum yield of green chillies which noted 133.37 q ha -1 and also found statistically on par to isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) and broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) which recorded 127.71 and 123.14 as against 86.68 q green chillies ha -1 in an untreated control. In the current study flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC (@ 0.0159%) found most effective as the combination of flubendiamide and thiacloprid is an effective tool against a broad spectrum of insect pests in chilli, including both chewing and sucking types. This treatment was followed by isocycloseram 9.2% w/w DC (@ 0.0110%) an isoxazoline insecticide that modulates GABA-gated chloride channels in the insect's central nervous system, effective against a wide range of crop-damaging pests, including lepidopterans, hemipterans, coleopterans, and thysanopterans (thrips). It was documented by Pradhan (2025) [14] who reported effectiveness of flubendiamide 19.92% + thiacloprid 19.92% w/w SC against fruit borers, whiteflies on chilli, cotton and isocycloseram against stem borers which contributed in the higher yield of green chillies which supports our findings. Broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%) was the next best treatment in respect of good yield. The findings of Wale and Mohite (2019) [19] who reported effictiveness of broflanilide against diamond back moth as well as tobacco leaf eating caterpillar while findings of Shen et al. (2021) [16] who reported high level toxicity of broflanilide against two spotted spider mites supports our yield trends as in our investigation fruit borer and mites were the major pests which can threatens yield of green chillies.

T1

Broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%)

T1

Broflanilide 300 g/l SC (@ 0.0037%)

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