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Research article · 2025 · Full text

International Journal of Agriculture and Nutrition

Effect of intercropping patterns on light interception and productivity of turmeric under mango

Adriana DiasPriscila CastroLeandro Braga

Volume 7(2) · Pages 160–162 · DOI: 10.33545/26646064.2025.v7.i2c.474 ↗

Research areasAgronomic Practices and Intercropping SystemsAgroforestry and silvopastoral systemsIrrigation Practices and Water Management

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Abstract

Author-written

Three turmeric intercropping patterns under mango were evaluated at Curitiba during 2022-2023. The paired-row pattern intercepted the most light (42.8% of open PAR), produced the highest yield (18.7 t ha⁻¹), and achieved LER of 1.48. Mango yield was unaffected by intercropping.

Summary

Source-checked

Plain-language reading of the full paper, prepared with AI and checked against the text. Each point links to the authors' own words.

  1. Why it matters

    • There is a gap in scientific knowledge concerning how different intercropping patterns affect the productivity and light interception of turmeric when grown under mango trees. View evidence ↗

      Why it matters

      There is a gap in scientific knowledge concerning how different intercropping patterns affect the productivity and light interception of turmeric when grown under mango trees.

      In the paper's own words

      “This research addressed a gap in current knowledge regarding effect of intercropping patterns on light interception and productivity of turmeric under mango.”

      Page 1

      Found in: Introduction

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
    • While intercropping is a topic of increasing interest, there is limited field data available for the specific agro-ecological context used in this study. View evidence ↗

      Why it matters

      While intercropping is a topic of increasing interest, there is limited field data available for the specific agro-ecological context used in this study.

      In the paper's own words

      “The topic has received growing attention in recent literature [1, 2], yet field data from the specific agro-ecological context of this research remain limited [3].”

      Page 1

      Found in: Introduction

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
  2. The question

    • The study aimed to evaluate the performance of turmeric intercropping patterns under specific conditions and identify the factors most strongly linked to the results. View evidence ↗

      The question

      The study aimed to evaluate the performance of turmeric intercropping patterns under specific conditions and identify the factors most strongly linked to the results.

      In the paper's own words

      “The objectives of this research were to evaluate performance under the specified conditions and to identify the factors most strongly associated with the outcomes measured.”

      Page 1

      Found in: Introduction

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
  3. What they did

    • The researchers evaluated three different turmeric intercropping patterns under mango trees in Curitiba between 2022 and 2023. View evidence ↗

      What they did

      The researchers evaluated three different turmeric intercropping patterns under mango trees in Curitiba between 2022 and 2023.

      In the paper's own words

      “Three turmeric intercropping patterns under mango were evaluated at Curitiba during 2022-2023.”

      Page 1

      Found in: Results

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
    • The experimental design used was a randomised complete block design with replications. View evidence ↗

      What they did

      The experimental design used was a randomised complete block design with replications.

      In the paper's own words

      “The experiment followed a randomised complete block design with appropriate replications.”

      Page 1

      Found in: Methods

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
    • Statistical analysis involved analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc tests at a significance level of p<0.05, using SAS 9.4 or R 4.2.1. View evidence ↗

      What they did

      Statistical analysis involved analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc tests at a significance level of p<0.05, using SAS 9.4 or R 4.2.1.

      In the paper's own words

      “Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by appropriate post-hoc tests at p<0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.4 or R 4.2.1 as appropriate [9, 10].”

      Page 1

      Found in: Methods

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
  4. What they found

    • The paired-row intercropping pattern was the most effective at intercepting light, capturing 42.8% of open photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). View evidence ↗

      What they found

      The paired-row intercropping pattern was the most effective at intercepting light, capturing 42.8% of open photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).

      In the paper's own words

      “The paired-row pattern intercepted the most light (42.8% of open PAR)”

      Page 1

      Found in: Results

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
    • The paired-row pattern resulted in the highest turmeric yield, reaching 18.7 t ha⁻¹. View evidence ↗

      What they found

      The paired-row pattern resulted in the highest turmeric yield, reaching 18.7 t ha⁻¹.

      In the paper's own words

      “The paired-row pattern... produced the highest yield (18.7 t ha⁻¹)”

      Page 1

      Found in: Results

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
    • The paired-row pattern achieved a land equivalent ratio (LER) of 1.48. View evidence ↗

      What they found

      The paired-row pattern achieved a land equivalent ratio (LER) of 1.48.

      In the paper's own words

      “The paired-row pattern... achieved LER of 1.48.”

      Page 1

      Found in: Results

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
    • The yield of the mango trees was not affected by the intercropping of turmeric. View evidence ↗

      What they found

      The yield of the mango trees was not affected by the intercropping of turmeric.

      In the paper's own words

      “Mango yield was unaffected by intercropping.”

      Page 1

      Found in: Results

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 1 ↗
  5. What it means

    • The authors conclude that the tested intercropping approach provides measurable benefits over conventional methods and should be widely adopted after further validation at other sites. View evidence ↗

      What it means

      The authors conclude that the tested intercropping approach provides measurable benefits over conventional methods and should be widely adopted after further validation at other sites.

      In the paper's own words

      “The practical implications are clear: the approach tested offers measurable benefits over conventional practices and merits wider adoption following validation at additional sites [4, 6].”

      Page 3

      Found in: Discussion

      Read it in the full textOpen PDF at page 3 ↗

Visual summary

1 visuals

Illustrations explain the paper; they do not show study data.

AI-generated illustration
AI-generated conceptual illustration (Mango trees and turmeric plants). It explains the idea and does not show study data.↗ Enlarge
Intercropping Performance Concept
AI-generated conceptual illustration (Mango trees and turmeric plants). It explains the idea and does not show study data.

AI-generated conceptual illustration (Mango trees and turmeric plants). It explains the idea and does not show study data.

Open full-size image ↗

Intercropping Performance Concept

AI-generated conceptual illustration (Mango trees and turmeric plants). It explains the idea and does not show study data.

View source evidence ↗

Figures & tables

From the original paper
Visual representation of key findings from this researchFigure 1Page 2Visual representation of key findings from this researchFigure 2Page 2Visual representation of key findings from this researchFigure 3Page 2
FULL TEXT Original article · reflowed for reading

Introduction

This research addressed a gap in current knowledge regarding effect of intercropping patterns on light interception and productivity of turmeric under mango. The topic has received growing attention in recent literature [1, 2], yet field data from the specific agro-ecological context of this research remain limited [3]. Previous work has established the general principles [4], but practical application under local conditions requires site-specific validation [5]. The objectives of this research were to evaluate performance under the specified conditions and to identify the factors most strongly associated with the outcomes measured.

The work was carried out at the institution described in the author affiliations, using standard methodological approaches appropriate to the discipline [6].

Material And Methods

Material All experimental materials were sourced from certified suppliers or institutional collections. The research site is described by the author affiliations. Field and laboratory equipment followed standard specifications for the discipline. Chemical reagents and analytical instruments were of appropriate grade for the analyses performed [7, 8].

Methods

The experiment followed a randomised complete block design with appropriate replications. Standard analytical methods were used for all measurements. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by appropriate post-hoc tests at p<0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.4 or R 4.2.1 as appropriate [9, 10].

Results

Three turmeric intercropping patterns under mango were evaluated at Curitiba during 2022- 2023. The paired-row pattern intercepted the most light (42.8% of open PAR), produced the highest yield (18.7 t ha⁻¹), and achieved LER of 1.48. Mango yield was unaffected by intercropping. IJAN 2025; 7(2): 160-162 Adriana Dias Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Instituto Agrícola do Planalto Meridional, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Priscila Castro Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Instituto Agrícola do Planalto Meridional, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Leandro Braga Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Instituto Agrícola do Planalto Meridional, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Adriana Dias Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Instituto Agrícola do Planalto Meridional, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil https://www.agriculturejournal.net Fig 1: Visual representation of key findings from this research Fig 2: Visual representation of key findings from this research Fig 3: Visual representation of key findings from this research https://www.agriculturejournal.net

Figure 3. Visual representation of key findings from this research
Visual representation of key findings from this research↗ Enlarge
Figure 3
Visual representation of key findings from this research

Visual representation of key findings from this research

Open full-size image ↗
Original paper figureSource PDF · page 2 ↗
Figure 2. Visual representation of key findings from this research
Visual representation of key findings from this research↗ Enlarge
Figure 2
Visual representation of key findings from this research

Visual representation of key findings from this research

Open full-size image ↗
Original paper figureSource PDF · page 2 ↗
Figure 1. Visual representation of key findings from this research
Visual representation of key findings from this research↗ Enlarge
Figure 1
Visual representation of key findings from this research

Visual representation of key findings from this research

Open full-size image ↗
Original paper figureSource PDF · page 2 ↗

Discussion

The results of this research are consistent with findings reported in the literature [1, 3, 5] while providing new insights specific to the local conditions under which the work was conducted. The practical implications are clear: the approach tested offers measurable benefits over conventional practices and merits wider adoption following validation at additional sites [4, 6].

Conclusion

Three turmeric intercropping patterns under mango were evaluated at Curitiba during 2022-2023. The paired-row pattern intercepted the most light (42.8% of open PAR), produced the highest yield (18.7 t ha⁻¹), and achieved LER of 1.48. Mango yield was unaffected by intercropping.

References

17 in the original paper
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  2. Vandermeer J. The ecology of intercropping. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1989.
  3. Mead R, Willey RW. The concept of a ‘land equivalent ratio’. Exp Agric. 1980;16(3):217-228.
  4. Trenbath BR. Intercropping for the management of pests and diseases. Field Crops Res. 1993;34(3-4):381- 405.
  5. Zhang L, van der Werf W, Bastiaans L, Zhang S, Li B, Spiertz JHJ. Light interception and utilization in relay intercropping. Field Crops Res. 2007;100(1):87-100.
  6. Lithourgidis AS, Dordas CA, Damalas CA, Vlachostergios DN. Annual intercrops: an alternative pathway for sustainable agriculture. Aust J Crop Sci. 2011;5(4):396-410.
  7. Midmore DJ. Agronomic modification of resource use and intercrop productivity. Field Crops Res. 1993;34(3- 4):357-380.
  8. Keating BA, Carberry PS. Resource capture and use in intercropping. Field Crops Res. 1993;34(3-4):273-301.
  9. Awal MA, Ikeda T. Radiation interception and use by maize/peanut intercrop. Agric For Meteorol. 2002;113(1-4):1-14.
  10. Hiebsch CK, McCollum RE. Area-x-time equivalency ratio in intercropping. Agron J. 1987;79(1):15-22.
  11. Willey RW, Rao MR. A competitive ratio for quantifying competition in intercropping. Exp Agric. 1980;16(2):117-125.
  12. Francis CA. Multiple cropping systems. New York: Macmillan; 1986.
  13. Ong CK, Black CR, Marshall FM, Corlett JE. Principles of resource capture in agroforestry systems. Agrofor Syst. 1996;34(1):27-47.
  14. Jose S, Gillespie AR, Pallardy SG. Interspecific interactions in agroforestry systems. Agrofor Syst. 2004;61-62:237-255.
  15. Rao MR, Nair PKR, Ong CK. Biophysical interactions in tropical agroforestry systems. Agrofor Syst. 1998;38(1-3):3-50.
  16. Baligar VC, Fageria NK, He ZL. Nutrient use efficiency in plants. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal. 2001;32(7-8):921-950.
  17. Food and Agriculture Organization. Agroforestry and intercropping systems database. Rome: FAO; 2022. Available from: https://www.fao.org