An autopsy based histopathological study of pulmonary lesions

Abstract

Aim: To study the histopathological spectrum of lung lesions in autopsy specimens. Background: Lung pathology is frequently encountered in autopsy specimens and provides valuable insights into the underlying causes of death and disease patterns in a population. Autopsy studies help in identifying both clinically diagnosed and undiagnosed pulmonary lesions. Materials and Methods: This retrospective record-based study was conducted on 200 autopsy lung specimens received in the Department of Pathology at B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, from January 2024 to December 2025. Demographic details and histopathological findings were analysed. Results: Out of 200 cases, males were predominantly affected (66.5%). The most commonly affected age group was 31-40 years. Non-neoplastic lesions constituted 98% of cases, while neoplastic lesions accounted for 2%. The most common lung lesion observed was pulmonary edema (61.5%), followed by pneumonia and tuberculosis. Among the malignant lesions, four cases were identified, including adenocarcinoma (1%), squamous cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Non-neoplastic lung lesions were far more common than neoplastic lesions in autopsy specimens, with pulmonary edema and pneumonia being the most frequent finding. Autopsy studies remain essential for understanding the true spectrum of pulmonary pathology.