Study of women entrepreneurs in access and control on resources

Introduction

Women makes important contribution to the agricultural and rural economics of all regions of the worlds. However the exact contribution both in terms of magnitude and of its nature is often difficult to assess. Rural women often manage complex household and pursue multiple livelihoods strategies. In case of informal sources majority of the males had contact with relatives/friends. Women's role is highly reflected in fodder collection, feed preparation, cleaning of milk shed, milking and taking care of animals. This gender disparity brings urgent needs to sensitize the dairy farmers/farm women and enable them to have equal access of resources input and opportunities through opportunities designed extension models for the ultimate empowerment of farm women and the progress of the country.

Methodology

Ex post facto research design was used for the present study as the phenomena has already occurred. This study was conducted in Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh a total of 120 women entrepreneurs from four randomly selected block selling more than 50.00 per cent of produced milk for more than 150 days in a year were selected as respondent for the present study Access and control on resources refers to the rights possessed by women on the farm asset and household assets. It has been measured using continuum ranging from full to partial and the score of 1 and 0 was allotted for these options. The ranks were given to each individual practices on the basis of mean perfect scores.

Result and Discussion

Access and control on resources was studied under following two heads farm assets and house hold assets.

Farm assets

Farm assets of the respondents were studied under six subheads to know full and partial access and control on land, house, tractors, chaff cutter, cattle sheds, and pump.Table1 and Figure 1reveal that average respondents had full 85.83 per cent control on chaff cutter and 14.17 per cent had partial,80.00 per cent had full control on cattle sheds and 20.00 per cent had partial,69.17 per cent have full control on pump and 30.83 per cent have partial, 54.17 per cent and 45.83 per cent had full and partial control on land and house respectively. Household assets of the respondents were studied under seven subheads to know full and partial access and control on television, refrigerator, cell phone, fan, radio, vehicle and other appliances Table 2 and figure 2 reveal that the respondent had adequate control and asses to the items like refrigerator, television, fan and cell phone but has less control on vehicles

Conclusion

Access and control on resources was studied under two heads viz., farm assets and house hold assets. The average respondents have full 85.83 per cent control on chaff cutter and 14.17 per cent had partial, 80.00 per cent have full control on cattle sheds and 20.00 per cent had partial, 69.17 per cent have full control on pump and 30.83 per cent have partial, 54.17 per cent and 45.83 per cent had full and partial control on land and house respectively. Similar results were also reported by (Hasshmi et al., 1996) [14] according to him "It appears that in situations where resources and opportunities are extremely scarce, men are more likely to appropriate women's loans and incomes". The result revealed that 70.00 per cent had full control on television and 30.00 per cent had partial, 69.17 per cent had full control on fan and 30.83 per cent had partial, 50.00 per cent and 50.00 per cent had full and partial control on refrigerator and cell phone respectively, where as 37.50 per cent had full control on radio and 62.50 per cent had partial. Similar results were also reported by Makita (2009) [15] .

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