Measure changes in knowledge and attitude of rural youths after receiving the training from KVKs in Western part of Uttar Pradesh

Introduction

In India, various initiatives have been undertaken by the government and other welfare organizations such as social welfare departments, home science institutions, and agricultural universities to provide various training courses for raising awareness among farmers, farmwomen, and rural youth as well as educating and motivating them to adopt and manage new agricultural technology in the fields. A significant effort needs to be made to create specialized institutions that offer training in agriculture and related fields to meet the training demands of a large number of boys and girls coming from rural areas, according to the education commission's 1964-1966 recommendations. Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) decided to support the programme under the names of Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK). The establishment of KVK by the ICAR during the fifth five-year plan (1974-1979) marked the beginning of a ground-breaking initiative to provide training to farmers, farm women, rural youth and field level extension officials across the nation. The ICAR was the first started KVK programme. A district-level innovative institute, Krishi Vigyan Kendra is primarily focused on the transfer of technology (TOT) knowledge through on-farm testing (OFT), front-line demonstration (FLD), training, and www.extensionjournal.com consulting services at the grassroots level. According to Nazir et al. (2013) [3] . KVKs are created and dedicated to providing short-and long-term vocational training courses that are need-based and skill-oriented. At its meeting in August 1973, the ICAR's standing committee on agricultural education requested the formation of a group led by Dr. Mohan Singh Mehta of the Seva Mandir in Udaipur, Rajasthan, to develop a comprehensive strategy for the implementation of KVK. The first KVK was founded in 1974 in Pondicherry under the administrative supervision of the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore Ajrawat et al. (2012) [2] . In December 1976, the Kamla Nehru Memorial Trust created the first KVK of Uttar Pradesh in Sultanpur District. For the purpose of the district's framing community's overall development, ICAR, New Delhi, financed this project. The KVKs have two functions: they educate farmers about new technologies, and they also provide demonstrations. There are eleven agricultural zones, each of which is run by a zonal coordinating organisation. The KVKs that are subject to district-level-administrative administration must be coordinated with and guided by the zonal head. The ministry of agriculture announced certain modifications following the 87th anniversary of ICAR's founding. Nowadays, all regions are referred to as ATARIs (Agricultural Technology Application Research Institutes).

Research Methodology

The present study is to assess the impact of KVK training on rural youths in Western part of Uttar Pradesh.: Total 89 KVKs have been set up in Uttar Pradesh, and 20 KVKs come under the jurisdiction of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, UP. Out of these 20 KVKs, the researcher purposely selected three KVKs, namely Meerut, Ghaziabad, and Saharanpur, and these KVKs are the best in this training area of mushroom production. The KVK personnel provided the list of rural youth trainees. 60 respondents from each KVK are chosen at random from the information provided by KVK staff. Thus, 180 rural youths were selected as respondents. Data gathering was carried out through personalized interviews and aided by a well-developed questionnaire the coefficient of correlation 'r' was used to understand the interplay between KVK training on rural youths.

Results and discussion

This chapter presents the findings of investigation along with discussion which have been arrived after subjecting data to statistical analysis and interpretation. Keeping in view the objectives of the study for the convenience of the presentation. The results obtained from the present investigation as well as relevant discussion have been summarized under following heads ) of the gender belonged to male followed shows that majority (53.33%) of rural youth belonged to the Other Backward Caste followed shows that majority (93.90%) of the rural youth were literate followed shows that majority (77.80%) of the rural youth were married followed shows that majority of the rural youth had their Mushroom Production (52.78%) followed Shows that mostly rural youth had medium (47.22%) of domestic animals followed that majority (76.10%) of rural youth had membership of one or more than one organization majority of rural youth (66.67%) had up to five years of mushroom cultivation experience followed mostly of the rural youth (43.30%) of rural youth had medium family income of 1 to 4 lakhs followed majority of the rural youth (51.11%) had medium level of information source utilization followed Similar finding were also reported by Narendra et al. (2022) [4] . (2017) [5] .

Conclusion

The Krishi Vigyan Kendras are actively contributing for the empowerment of young people in rural areas. The KVK programme helped the majority of rural young people to improve their socioeconomic status. The majority of rural youth were the medium age group, the majority of rural youth belong to the male category and the majority of rural youth were literate. The majority of rural youth had engaged in their mushroom production, mostly rural youth had rural participation with non-government organization, panchayat and also participated in social activities because of their willingness to volunteer their time, mostly rural youth had medium annual family income of 1-4 lakhs, majority had medium level of information source utilization and they are look for gather information from a variety of sources and disseminated it among their friend, family and neighborhood, majority of the rural youth were belong to medium achievement motivation in order to acquire a sense of personal accomplishment and rural youth were also belong to medium economic motivation group.

References

1. Ajrawat B, Kumar A. Impact of KVK training programme on socio-economic status and knowledge of trainees in Kathua District. Journal of Krishi Vigyan. 2012;1(1):31-34.
2. Nazir T, Vaida N, Dar MA. Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendras for the empowerment of rural women through vocational trainings. Basic Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Review. 2013;2(3):51-56.
3. Narendra K, Singh F, Singh MK. Impact assessment of vocational programmes on mushroom cultivation on knowledge gain and adoption of the rural youth. Journal of Farm Sciences. 2022;12(1):28-32.
4. Pandey A, Gupta N, Pandey A, Singh S. Impact of vocational training on value addition in knowledge and adoption among rural women. Indian Journal of Extension Education. 2017;53(3):36-39.