Adaptation strategies taken up by the farmers to deal with climate smart agriculture

Introduction

CSA is characterized as rural practices that reasonably increment profitability and framework strength while lessening ozone harming substance emissions¹. CSA guarantees that environmental change adjustment and moderation are straightforwardly consolidated into rural advancement arranging and venture procedures. Our point of view on CSA is reasonable farming, in view of incorporated administration of water, land and environments at scene scale. CSA innovations and approaches alone won't increment strength or improve occupations of huge quantities of little holders who get by inside complex frameworks. Decades and a huge number of dollars put resources into exploration, advancement and innovation move have not changed African smallholders. Proof shows that top-down order and control frameworks for innovation dissemination don't create supportable changes.

What is different about climate-smart agriculture?

What's going on about CSA is an unequivocal thought of climatic dangers that are going on more quickly and with more noteworthy power than before. New atmosphere dangers, require changes in farming advancements and ways to deal with improve the lives of those still secured food uncertainty and neediness and to forestall the loss of additions previously accomplished. CSA approaches involve more noteworthy interest in Managing atmosphere dangers, Understanding and getting ready for versatile advances that might be required, for instance into new cultivating frameworks or occupations, Exploiting open doors for diminishing or evacuating ozone harming substance discharges where plausible. (CCAFS and UNFAO).

Importance of study

As per FAO estimated, by the year 2050 world population will increase by one third and food required for food security by 60%. Climate smart agriculture is a methodology for changing and reorienting rural advancement under the real factors for environmental change.

Three main reasons for this context are 1. Productivity: The ultimate aim of Climate smart agriculture is to sustainably increase agricultural www.extensionjournal.com productivity and incomes from crops, livestock and fish, without having a negative impact on the environment. 2. Adaptation: Principal way to deal with the impacts of a changing climate is its adaptation. It implies anticipating the unfriendly impacts of environmental change and making suitable move to prevent or limit the harm they can cause, or making the most of chances that may emerge. 3. Mitigation: mitigation means implementing policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance sinks. Wherever and whenever possible, Climate smart agriculture should help to reduce and/or remove greenhouse gas emissions.

Objective

To study the adaptation strategies taken up by the farmers to deal with climate smart agriculture

Methodology

The present study was conducted in Latur district of Maharashtra state. In Latur district there are 10 talukas, out of which three talukas, namely Latur, Renapur and Ausa were randomly selected on the basis attitude of farmers towards sustainable agricultural practices. From each taluka 4 villages were randomly selected and from each village 10 farmers were randomly selected to comprise 120 respondents. Ex-post facto research design was used for the study. Data were collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of pretested structural schedule.

Collected data were tabulated properly. Mean and standard deviation, frequency, percentage, coefficient of correlation methods of statistics were used for interpretation of data. From the Table 1, It is implied that, all the respondents that is 100.00 per cent of the respondents disease resistant varieties, disease tolerance varieties, change in cropping pattern and calendar of planting, mixed cropping, use of compost and use of animal manure. Followed by 99.17 per cent of the respondents adopted drought tolerant varieties, crop rotation, legumes and scheduled fertilizer application. Followed by 98.33 per cent of the respondents adopted spacing between rows/plants. Followed by 96.67 per cent of the respondents adopted judicious use of insecticides and pesticides. Followed by 94.17 per cent of the respondents adopted irrigation scheduling. Followed by 91.67 per cent of the respondents adopted water efficient crops. Followed by 87.50 per cent of the respondents adopted choice of irrigation. Followed by 80.00 per cent of the respondents adopted micro irrigation. Followed by 51.67 per cent of the respondents adopted mulching (crop straw, plastic, residues). Followed by 50.00 per cent of the respondents adopted bio-fertilizers. Followed by 42.50 per cent of the respondents adopted organic farming. Followed by 33.33 per cent of the respondents adopted plantation of trees. Followed by 25.83 per cent of the respondents adopted short duration varieties. Followed by 22.50 per cent of the respondents adopted Crop-livestock system. Followed by 18.33 per cent of the respondents adopted use of cover crops. Followed by 16.67 per cent of the respondents adopted water harvesting. Followed by 13.33 per cent of the respondents adopted fallow land. Followed by 10.33 per cent of the respondents adopted judicious use of underground water. Followed by 10.00 per cent of the respondents adopted drainage. Followed by 8.33 per cent of the respondents adopted Application of integrated nutrient management. Followed by 5.83 per cent of the respondents adopted contour farming. Followed by 5.00 per cent of the respondents adopted live barriers/fence. Followed by 2.50 per cent of the respondents adopted croptree systems (agro forestry systems). Followed by only 0.33 per cent of the respondents adopted crop-tree-livestock system and Adoption of integrated farming system model. No respondents adopted direct seeded rice and cultivation of paddy through SRI technique.

The Adaptation strategies regarding some of the aspects was high and some was low because the peoples adopt only that strategies which are suitable to them and are available to them rather choosing the one which are difficult to adopt and are less effective to their area.

Extent of Adaptation strategies regarding climate smart agriculture

The overall adaptation strategies regarding climate smart agriculture collected by surveying respondents. The collected data is presented in the table. From the Table 2, it is revealed that, majority of the respondents 74.16 per cent belong to medium category followed by 15.00 per cent respondent belong to high category and only 10.84 per cent of the respondents belong to low category of adaptation. The findings are similar as that of Verma (2017) [7] .

References

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