In-vitro and in-silico study of plant extract isolated from leaves of Trigonella foenum (fenugreek) for anti-diabetic activity

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance, influenced by genetics, obesity, and lifestyle factors. Fenugreek, rich in bioactive compounds, has shown promise in diabetes care due to its hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties. Advanced techniques like Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) aid in detecting bioactive substances, helping refine therapeutic applications. Fenugreek leaves were processed for phytochemical analysis, revealing compounds such as Squalene, Phytol, and Azelaic acid. In-vitro studies focused on ?-amylase inhibition to assess glucose regulation potential, while in-silico docking examined ligand-protein interactions to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. Using PyRx and Discovery Studio, computational studies validated Fenugreek’s potential as an antidiabetic agent. ADMET analyses with Swiss ADME and ADMET LAB 2 predicted pharmacokinetics and toxicity, confirming the compounds’ drug-likeness and metabolic stability. These findings highlight Fenugreek’s therapeutic value in managing Type 2 diabetes. The combined use of biochemical assays and computational methods underscores its potential to regulate glucose metabolism and mitigate postprandial hyperglycemia, paving the way for further research into its clinical applicability.