Phytochemical and pharmacological screening of selected medicinal plants used in polyherbal cream for melasma

Abstract

Melasma is a common hyperpigmentation disorder influenced by hormonal changes, sun exposure, and genetic factors. This study focuses on the phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of selected medicinal plants traditionally used in the formulation of a polyherbal cream for melasma treatment. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the plants were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, revealing the presence of flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, and tannins-compounds known for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-lightening properties. Pharmacological assays, including antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition tests, demonstrated significant activity supporting their traditional use. The synergistic effect of the plant extracts in the polyherbal formulation suggests enhanced efficacy and safety. These findings support the development of natural, plant-based alternatives to conventional melasma treatments and provide a scientific basis for their incorporation into dermatological formulations.