Impact of sulphur sources and application rates on growth and yield of toria (Brassica campestris var. toria)

Abstract

A field study was carried out during the 2024-25 rabi season at the Crop Research Farm of the Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The aim was to see how different types and amounts of sulfur affect the growth and yield of the toria crop. Researchers tested three sulfur sources—Single Super Phosphate, Gypsum, and Ammonium Sulphate—at application rates of 30, 45, and 60 kg per hectare, along with a control (no sulfur). The experiment followed a factorial design and was repeated three times to ensure accuracy. The findings were clear: Ammonium Sulphate consistently led to better plant growth, with taller plants, more branches, and higher dry matter production. When it came to the amount of sulfur, the best results were seen with 60 kg per hectare. However, 45 kg per hectare also performed almost as well, showing only a slight difference. This pattern held true not only for plant growth but also for seed and stalk yields.