Indigenous risk management practices and their effect on small agribusiness in supplementing farmer’s income related to major vegetables in Patna District of Bihar

Abstract

The agricultural landscape of Patna district, Bihar, depends heavily on small-scale vegetable farming, often threatened by climate change, pests, market fluctuations, and weak risk management access. This study examines the role of Indigenous Risk Management Practices (IRMPs) in addressing these challenges and improving the income of farmers growing tomato, potato, and brinjal. Based on field data and farmer interviews, key practices include intercropping, neem-based bio-pesticides, cow urine sprays, composting, and traditional storage methods. These are supported by institutional tools like FPOs, crop insurance (PMFBY), and mobile-based weather and market updates. The findings show that blending traditional wisdom with modern support enhances productivity, reduces vulnerability, and boosts income. The paper urges policy support to scale these integrated, farmer-led solutions.