The therapeutic value of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale): A full review of pharmacological characteristics and bioactive component

Abstract

Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), a perennial herb of the Asteraceae family, is a well-known and studied plant, with a broad historical use in the tradition and complementary medicine. Used for centuries in various cultures, dandelion has been valued for his abilities to detoxify the body, stimulate circulation, promote urination, and clear heat and inflammation. Current pharmacological studies support its medicinal properties, which include antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-rheumatic properties, and many others. These therapeutic properties are attributed to plant’s diverse bioactive constituents such as sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, essential oils, saccharides, sphingolipids, triterpenes, sterols, and coumarins. We will also discuss dandelion's toxicity, the mechanisms of dandelion's medicinal properties, and the issues and future directions for research of the Taraxacum genus with a focus on current pharmacological studies and practical therapeutic uses. This review highlights current scientific research on the Taraxacum genus, particularly focusing on its pharmacological relevance, phytochemistry, traditional uses, and future research directions.