To evaluate the relationship of occlusal planes and growth patterns in various malocclusion

Abstract

Background: The occlusal plane (OP) plays a critical role in orthodontic diagnosis, influencing aesthetics, function, and treatment stability. Variations in OP angulation can reflect underlying skeletal growth patterns, particularly in patients with malocclusion. While previous studies have assessed the occlusal plane's relationship to skeletal discrepancies, limited research exists on its correlation with vertical growth patterns in skeletal Class I malocclusion. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between occlusal plane angulations—specifically OP-SN and OP-FH—and vertical growth patterns in individuals with skeletal Class I malocclusion. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using 60 lateral cephalograms of subjects aged 12 to 50 years. Subjects were divided into three groups (average, horizontal, and vertical growth patterns) based on Jarabak's ratio. The angles between the occlusal plane and the Sella-Nasion (SN) and Frankfort Horizontal (FH) planes were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni’s post hoc test. Results: The OP-SN and OP-FH angles were significantly increased in subjects with vertical growth patterns compared to those with average and horizontal growth patterns (p