Evaluation of Immunoglobulin G (IGG), Immunoglobulin M (IGM), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) levels in breast cancer patients in Kirkuk

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women and remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among them. It is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. In Iraq, breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among females, accounting for approximately one-third of all registered female cancer cases, as reported by the latest Iraqi Cancer Registry. This study involved patients and healthy volunteers from Kirkuk Governorate in northern Iraq. A total of 95 participants were included, divided into two groups: 50 breast cancer patients and 45 healthy individuals (control group) within the same age range. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of Immunoglobulin G (IgG), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) in breast cancer patients and their potential roles as biomarkers. Results revealed significantly elevated IgG and IgM levels and reduced TAC levels in breast cancer patients compared to controls (p