Exploring the factors impacting the MNREGA programme in Sultanpur district of Uttar Pradesh

Introduction

Employment is a social issue and the main source of livelihood in India is the lack of employment challenges for individual and family basic needs. Unemployment can direct their own respect and social instability. Therefore, it is important to work under these circumstances It is very important for all men and women to maintain freedom, equity, security and human dignity. In a country like India, more than half of the work is related to agriculture. It creates a big difference in productivity and income between agriculture and non-agricultural sectors. Inadequate increase in productive employment opportunities outside agriculture is the main reason for this. Agricultural laborers do not get employment throughout the year and are subject to unemployment and unemployment during seasonal employment (Basharat and P. Mariyappan, 2016) [2] . Since 2005, the Government of India is running the world's largest employment guarantee program under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). It is in implementation for more than 15 years and has given optimal results. This guarantees 100 days of work in a year to protect livelihood every rural house for the purpose of increasing this. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, introduced in the year 2005. In 2010, NREGA was renamed MNREGA (Ismail M Makandar, 2016) [4] . A glimpse on the rural and informal economy in India clearly indicates a very complex structure. Agriculture is not very high in GDP and is falling on one side every year. On the other hand, the decision -making system accidentally equals agriculture. Most of the rural economy depends on farming. But popular assumptions are actually larger and complicated than the rural economy. The rural economy includes agricultural sector, formal sector as well as informal sectors. There are large numbers of small as well as micro industries. Most of their parts rest on the rural economy. Some of these industries are formally connected to the economic network but a large part of these firms has not been formally integrated into the economic network. All these components of rural economy completely employ the largest number of workers. More than fifty percent of the economy and working population are dependent on the rural economy (Upadhyay, 2014) [5] .

Methodology

The main device used to collect data for this research is primary and secondary. The data was collected by the questioner, interview, government reports, organizational records, which were originally collected for other research objectives, including various time periods and census of various people of culture. The main objective of this chapter is to deal with various methods and procedures that are used in the selection of the field they are discussed here in place of study. The state of Uttar Pradesh was purposively selected for present study. Based on purposive sampling procedure, one district from selected state (Sultanpur from Uttar Pradesh) with 5 villages from selected block were selected for study. After the selection of the village, the respondents were selected on a random basis. Ten respondents were selected from each selected village. In this way a total of 50 respondents were selected to study.

Results and Discussion

The day this act was unclear, so this scheme was implemented. Initially, there were a lot of uncertainty about the professionals and opposition of the purpose of the scheme. However, the concept of fixed wages is the strongest point for each person enrolled in this scheme. In addition, MNREGRA 1/3 was lost to the people as minimal female enrollment. There are many intensive effects and self -sufficiency in addition to loss of income in unemployment, work motivation, loss of skills, loss of skills, disturbances of family relations, troubles in social life, migration and stress Parameters like gender inequalities etc. were also involved in the study. It has many advantages in the law especially or in one the roundabouts affected the life of the rural population by giving them dependence and Confirmation of work also helped control migration in the extraordinary boundaries. The villages provide stability to women and their families and work by creating a strong social environment. Since the operation of MGNREGA was left to the gram panchayats. Payment of funds was not widespread and planned, proving that the plan is not much in the government's priority list. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is mostly funded by the central government 90% of expenses contribute, whereas, the state government will have to contribute only 10%. Mahatma Gandhi NREGA is a recognized example of such a scheme which is a demand -driven law (Dr. G. Vedanthadesikan, 2018) [3] .

Figures in parenthesis indicates per centage; M-Male, F-Female

From the investigation of the area, it has been found that MGNREGA is working to strengthen people, rural livelihood without any Caste, religion and sex discrimination is providing employment opportunities to rural families. Table -2 showed that most part of MGNREGA (64%) Labor is male members and the participation of female members is compulsory level (36%) below. The reason behind this low participation is that the study field usually men Members are working for their family and women who are mostly doing domestic work. Also It was found that the defendant's majority (64%) occupies 500-1000 and the monthly income group of 500-1000, the lowest zero of the defendant lives in more than 5000 income groups.

References

1. Anonymous. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural work Guarantee Scheme. Impact of MGNREGA [Internet]. 2025 https://www.insightsonindia.com/social-justice/issuesrelated-to-ruraldevelopment/mahatma-gandhi-nationalrural-employment-guarantee-act-mgnrega/impact-ofmgnrega/
2. Bhat BB, Mariyappan P. Impact of MGNREGA on Rural Employment (Specific study in Panchayat Kaepora of District Kupwara, Jammu and Kashmir). Int. J Humanit Soc Sci Res. 2016;2(3):12-13.
3. Vedanthadesikan G. MGNREGA -A way to create employment and poverty alleviation. J Emerg Technol Innov Res. 2018;5(8):1002-1005.
4. Makandar IM. Socio-economic impact of MGNREGA programme -A study. Int. J Res Anal Rev. 2016;3(4):352357.
5. Upadhyay RK. Has India done it right by not ratifying WTO's TFA? [Internet]. The Deliberation; 2014. https://www.deliberation.in/2014/08/has-indiadone-it-rightby-not.html.