Study of aquatic macrophytes of Upper Lake Bhopal

Abstract

This study examines the diversity and ecological roles of aquatic macrophytes in Upper Lake Bhopal, India. A total of 10 species from 10 families were identified, categorized into free-floating, floating, submerged, and emergent types. Notable species include Eichhornia crassipes, Hydrilla verticillata, and Phragmites australis. While some species provide essential ecological services such as nutrient cycling and habitat provision, invasive species like Eichhornia crassipes negatively impact biodiversity and water quality. The findings emphasize the need for sustainable management to mitigate invasive species and enhance the lake's ecological health.