Influence of organic manures and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on survival percentage of roots through improved mound layering methods of propagation in apple fruit

Abstract

The experiment on “Influence of Organic manures and IBA on survival percentage of roots through improved layering (Trench) methods of propagation in apple” were conducted at Fruit Nursery Shalimar SKUAST-K in the year 2022 and 2023. Data revealed percentage rooting sprouting and surival was significantly higher in apple root stocks propagated by trench layering improved method of vegetative propagation for rooting in M-7, M9T337 and MM-106. Four apple root-stocks varieties were planted with different treatment combinations IBA-0 ppm (Control) IBA-3000 ppm and IBA-5000 ppm) complete factorial randomized block design with 3 replications. Data revealed significant variability in rooting among root-stocks with variable characters in all. Organic manures in combination with IBA significantly raised higher rooting percent, root numbers and root length. In MM-106 showed best response in rooting percentage obtained with treatment combination of Soil cocopeat FYM + Vermicompost + IBA (5000 ppm) (45.5%) compared to 26.3% under control conditions. Howover M9-T337 root-stock organic manures also showed significantly higher rooting percentage from 52.7% under Soil + Cocopeat + FYM + Vermicompost + IBA (5000 ppm). The highest root length (19.9 cm) was recorded in M-7 treated with Soil + Cocopeat + FYM + Vermicompost + IBA 5000 ppm; while the shortest (9.2 cm) was in M9T337 when treated with control. There were substantial increases in root lengths of all the three root-stocks when treated with combination of Soil + Sawdust + Overoptimistic + IBA 3000. Accordingly the data revealed that trench layering treatment with combination of organic manures and IBA showed high improved rooting and survival of root-stocks in apple which could be a viable option and accessibility for farmer to develop quality planting root-stocks for high density planting at low cost for mass production of with objective of meeting commercially used root-stocks in apple