Clinicopathological study of ovarian tumours in a tertiary care teaching institute

Abstract

This is a prospective study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 87 cases of ovarian tumors were diagnosed during the 2 year study group. The incidence of ovarian tumors in the present study was 4.4%. Majority of women (68.8%) were in the age group 20-45 years with mean age (±SD) (39.1±9.88yrs). Malignant ovarian tumors were more common in multipara (71.4%).Commonest clinical presentation in ovarian tumors were pain abdomen (51.3% benign, 42.9% malignant) followed by mass per abdomen (25% benign, 28.7% malignant), dysmenorrhea (7.5% benign, 14.2% malignant) and urinary disturbances (7.5% benign, 14.2% malignant).Benign ovarian tumors were more common in premenopausal women (90%) and malignant ovarian tumors were seen in postmenopausal women (71.4%). In the present study USG findings revealed, 77.5% of benign ovarian tumors were <10 cms of size and 71.4% of malignant tumors were >10 cms of size. Septal thickness >3 mm seen in 3.6% of benign ovarian tumors and 57.1% in malignant tumors. Solid component was seen in 12.5% of benign ovarian tumors and 71.4% in malignant tumors. Ascites was seen in 57.1% of malignant ovarian tumors. The mean value of serum CA-125 is 37.2 U/ml among benign ovarian tumors and 119.14 U/ml among malignant tumors. The mean RMI value is 46.55 among benign ovarian tumors and 776.57 among malignant tumors. In benign ovarian tumors 57.5% were serous cyst adenoma and 27.5% were mucinous cyst adenoma. In malignant ovarian tumor 28.6% were serous cyst adenocarcinoma and 28.6% were granulosa cell tumor. Raised CA-125 value in postmenopausal women will suggest malignancy. RMI is calculated based on USG findings, CA-125 levels in postmenopausal women, which is a simple method to assess the risk of malignancy and to guide the patient to gynaecological oncologist for further management.