Impact of vocational training courses on tribal farm women of Dediapada

The study is based on vocational training programmes and its impact on Tribal woman in Narmada district of Gujarat comprising from one block. total number of 120 farm women from Neeghat, Gopaliya, Khokraumar, Besana, Jamini, Sejpur, Jergam from Dediapada block for the study. A self structured personal interview schedule was used to collect the data to see the effect of skill development training on the socio -economic status of tribal farm women. The data was analyzed by using frequency, percentage etc. that Psychological, cultural, social and economic empowerment like 95.83 percent tribal farm women shown self confidence 91.66 percent think about career reliance, 87.50 percent have Liberty for attending marriage ceremony and 95.83 had freedom to work outside family also 96.66 percent women participation shown in decision about marketing of farm produce.

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Beneficiaries in each training: fruit preservation vs Millets processing vs Hnadicraft preparation vs Dress designing vs Mushroom cultivationClose ×

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%: Self confidence vs Courage vs Self reliance vs Feeling security in... vs Career ambitionClose ×

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Introduction

It is known that women’s participation in income generating activities is believed to increase their socio-economic status and power in the society. The economic contribution of women is related to their status and role in the family and in the society. If women are economically parasite, they can never claim an equal status with men. The problem of poverty cannot be tackled without providing opportunities of productive employment to farm women.

Economic independence of women will create far reaching social changes and prove a necessary weapon for them to face injustice and discrimination. If women are to be economically empowered they should be provided with alternative forms of informal credit, training, employment, management skills and social security. Taking the importance of above context, several approaches have been tried to encourage and inspire formation of thrift and credit group in Gujarat to canalized the various poverty elevations and social development programmes for farm/rural women and KVK is one of them. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) is an innovative transfer of technology project of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).

Need for its establishing was for providing vocational education in agriculture and allied subject aimed at the farmers and dropout rural people. This institution was found to be useful in reducing the time lag between generations of technologies, their transfer to farmer and to get trained skilled workers and technicians. This institute also caters to the training needs of the farm community i.e. farmers, farm women, school dropouts as well as field level personnel. It is essential that KVK be able to follow the results of their efforts and understand how the training they imported fit into the complex pattern of socio economic status change in which all farm/rural women participate.

Keeping the above facts in view the present study was designed with following specific objective Objective To assess the effect of Skill development training on tribal farm women.

Methodology

A total number of 120 farm women from Neeghat, Gopaliya, Khokraumar, Besana, Jamini, Sejpur, Jergam from Dediapada block for the study. A self-structured personal interview schedule was used to collect the data to see the effect of skill development training on the socio - economic status of tribal farm women. The data was analyzed by using frequency, percentage etc.

Results And Discussion

Krishi vigyan kendra conducted various programmes for the development of tribal women like fruit preservation, Millets processing, Handicraft preparation, dress designing, Mushroom cultivation, health and hygeine, low cost nutritious recipie preparation, kitchen garden, herbal soap and color preparation, bamboo rakhi, Ganesha idol from cow dung etc. The study says that there were 44.56 percent of the respondents do not have any organizational training, while 32.23 percent respondents had organizational training. 75 https://www.extensionjournal.com Table 1: Distribution of respondents according to type of training SI. No. Trainings Number of training Beneficiaries in each training 1. fruit preservation 02 30 2.

SI. No.	Trainings	Number of training	Beneficiaries in each training
1.	fruit preservation	02	30
2.	Millets processing	05	30
3.	Hnadicraft preparation	2	25
4	Dress designing	5	30
5	Mushroom cultivation	3	20
6	Health and hygeine	3	20
7	low cost nutritious recipe preparation	5	20
8	herbal soap and color preparation	2	20
9	Bamboo rakhi	2	20
10	Ganesha idol from cow dung	2	20

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Distribution of respondents according to type of training

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Millets processing 05 30 3. Hnadicraft preparation 2 25 4 Dress designing 5 30 5 Mushroom cultivation 3 20 6 Health and hygeine 3 20 7 low cost nutritious recipe preparation 5 20 8 herbal soap and color preparation 2 20 9 Bamboo rakhi 2 20 10 Ganesha idol from cow dung 2 20 Its noticeable from the table 1 that out of total Tribal farm women of KVK, 30 respondents in fruit preservation, Dress designing, value addition in millets. 25 respondents had attended the training programme of handicraft. 20 respondents in mushroom cultivation, health and hygiene, low cost receipies, herbal soap preparation, bamboo rakhi and ganesha idol making had attended the said training programme Table 2: Distribution of respondents according to effect of skill development training (N = 120) training programmes and adopting the recommended techniques became socially, economically psychologically empowered. KVK had organised 10 number of vocational training programmes which incresed their socio-economic status. Positive impact of training in their living status was also visible.

S. No.	Statement	Yes	—	No	—
		F	%	F	%
A.	Psychological empowerment
1	Self confidence	115	95.83	10	8.33
2	Courage	105	87.50	25	20.83
3	Self reliance	108	90.00	20	16.66
4	Feeling security in family	99	82.50	15	12.50
5	Career ambition	110	91.66	8	6.66
B.	Cultural empowerment	Yes (%)		No (%)
1	Freedom to interact with other groups	65	54.16	110	91.66
2	Participation in festivals	96	80.00	54	45.00
3	Freedom for attending pilgrim/religious place	89	74.16	65	54.16
4	Liberty for attending marriage ceremony	105	87.50	76	63.33
C	Social empowerment
1.	Self education	78	65.00	25	20.83
2	Freedom to work outside family	115	95.83	35	29.16
3.	Freedom to visit hospital /doctor	109	90. 83	15	12.50
4.	Freedom for adoption practices for maintaining health	107	89.16	30	25.00
D	Economic empowerment
1	Opportunity for economic development	89	74.16	10	8.33
2.	Free for selection of job	97	80.83	12	10.00
3.	Participation in local market activities like fair /SHG stall etc	112	93.33	15	12.50
4	Freedom to attend meeting/seminar/workshop	114	95.00	8	6.66
5	Participation in decision about marketing of farm produce	116	96.66	20	16.66

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Distribution of respondents according to effect of skill development training

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Hence vocational training programmes organized by KVKs especially for tribal farm women had very beneficial and improve their livelihood.

Conclusion

Training programmes conducted by KVK had good role in creating awareness, increasing the knowledge, self- confidence, and providing improved skills which will help in the betterment of their livelihood security. Vocational training courses play a positive role in the empowerment of rural women. Majority of the tribal farm women were able to increase their socio economic status, psychological confidence and became more able to take decisions in their family. Majority of farm women after attending vocational (Rural). [Accessed Date Unknown].

Available from: http://w.w.w.researchgate.Net/post/How-do-you classify-people-regard-to their –Socio-Economic Status 1964. 3. Rao S. Vocational Training on nutrition gardening for 76 https://www.extensionjournal.com women Alites. Maharashtra J Extension. 2007;16:254- 257. 4.

RAU. Report. Rajendra Agricultural University, Annual Report. c2007. 5. Nair TS, Shankar B.

Livelihoods and Financial Behaviour of Tribal Households: Linking Experience and Strategies. InTribal Development in Western India. Routledge India; c2015. p. 267-284. 77

1. Ahmad N, Singh SP, Parihar P. Farmers’ Assessment of KVK Training Programme. J Extension Educ. 2012;1.
2. Pareek U, Trivedi V. Socio-Economic Status Scale S. No. Statement Yes No F % F % A. Psychological empowerment 1 Self confidence 115 95.83 10 8.33 2 Courage 105 87.50 25 20.83 3 Self reliance 108 90.00 20 16.66 4 Feeling security in family 99 82.50 15 12.50 5 Career ambition 110 91.66 8 6.66 B. Cultural empowerment Yes (%) No (%) 1 Freedom to interact with other groups 65 54.16 110 91.66 2 Participation in festivals 96 80.00 54 45.00 3 Freedom for attending pilgrim/religious place 89 74.16 65 54.16 4 Liberty for attending marriage ceremony 105 87.50 76 63.33 C Social empowerment
3. Self education 78 65.00 25 20.83 2 Freedom to work outside family 115 95.83 35 29.16
4. Freedom to visit hospital /doctor 109 90. 83 15 12.50
5. Freedom for adoption practices for maintaining health 107 89.16 30 25.00 D Economic empowerment 1 Opportunity for economic development 89 74.16 10 8.33
6. Free for selection of job 97 80.83 12 10.00
7. Participation in local market activities like fair /SHG stall etc 112 93.33 15 12.50 4 Freedom to attend meeting/seminar/workshop 114 95.00 8 6.66 5 Participation in decision about marketing of farm produce 116 96.66 20 16.66 It is reported from table 2 that Psychological, cultural, social and economic empowerment like 95.83 percent tribal farm women shown self-confidence 91.66 percent think about career reliance, 87.50 percent have Liberty for attending marriage ceremony and 95.83 had freedom to work outside family also 96.66 percent women participation shown in decision about marketing of farm produce.