Genetic variability analysis in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. complex) through in vitro chemical mutagenesis on callus culture

Abstract

The present investigation on was carried out in south Gujarat heavy rainfall region of India. Callus derived from sugarcane variety CoN – 13073 subjected for mutagenic treatment varying in different concentration as well as time period. Callus culture of 25 - 30 days old white globular form is considered a suitable material to undergo mutagenic treatments. Among the mutagenic treated calli, maximum survival per cent was observed in EMS 0.2% + 60 min treatment. Maximum regeneration per cent (78.2%) was found in explants treated with treatment MMS 0.3% + 30 min. In case of the number of days for shoot formation, callus treated with EMS 0.2% + 60 min registered a maximum of 15.20 days. The maximum numbers of multiple shoots were observed in MMS 0.2% + 60 min (30.4). Time factor found to be highly significant with a wide range of mean performance. The effect of the mutagenic agent was found to be succeeding to create variability at a lower concentration for lower time intervals for most of the characters under study. In the present study EMS, 0.2% in addition to 0.3%, treatments were most effective. And the effectiveness decrease with the increase in the time interval.