Water quality assessment of River Yamuna from origin to confluence to River Ganga, with respect to Biological water quality and Primary Water Quality Criteria

Abstract

Clean to slight pollution in biological water quality was observed in River Yamuna at Yamunotri and Hanuman chetti, in terms Biological Water Quality Criteria. River Yamuna was moderately polluted from Okhla Barrage to Allahabad throughout the year. At Etawah, the water quality became severely polluted during summer season. Water quality of River Yamuna at Yamunotri, meets the Primary Water Quality Criteria in terms of pH of 8.1, DO of 7.8 mg/l, BOD of