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Female sex and oral contraceptive use accelerate nicotine metabolism

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · 2006 · Vol. 79(5) · pp. 480–488

Neal L. Benowitz✉(San Francisco General Hospital)Christina N. Lessov‐Schlaggar(SRI International)Gary E. Swan(SRI International)P JACOBIII(San Francisco General Hospital)

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Abstract

Sex hormones influence nicotine metabolism. Nicotine and cotinine metabolism is faster in women than in men and is faster in women taking oral contraceptives compared with those who are not. Accelerated nicotine metabolism appears to be a result of estrogen. Sex-related differences in nicotine clearance could affect smoking behaviors, as well as response to nicotine medications, and could be a marker for altered metabolism of nicotine-derived carcinogens.

Smoking Behavior and Cessation Synthesis and Biological Evaluation Asthma and respiratory diseasesCotinineNicotineCYP2A6MedicinePhysiologyObstetricsInternal medicineMetabolismCytochrome P450

MeSH terms

AdolescentAdultAgedContraceptives, Oral, HormonalCotinineDeuteriumFemaleHumansMaleGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryMenopauseMetabolic Clearance RateMiddle AgedNicotineSex Factors

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470

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13.96

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